Schlagwort-Archive: Project management

What makes a project a barrel burst?

Even if the field of Project Management covers actually many aspects concerning a unique endeavor, still two thirds of the projects fail (see here: http://ow.ly/zy5hB). Perhaps there are still areas that are not considered, despite the many approaches. What makes a project a barrel burst?

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A look at the guild of the project managers provides some aspects that can quickly disrupt a project.

  • Wanting to please everybody
    In our private life we learned that we can make not all people happy. Not because we do not want it. The different interests that exist simply cannot be brought into line. It is good as it is. Eventually we all want to be different. What keeps a project manager away from applying this insight in the project? It is not a matter of making ALL happy, but simply the crucial ones.
  • Inability to slip into different roles
    In order to serve the stakeholders, at first you must understand them. You can reach this by putting yourself in the respective role. An Indian proverb says that one may not judge others, before one did not walk in their moccasins for a certain time. It is not a matter of eating humble pie, but, above all, to understand their interests and reasons to be able to derive measures.
  • NAIVe goals (Neutral – Abstract – Irrelevant – Vainly)
    As soon as the goals of the project are formulated NAIVly, it is heading south. Neutral goals do not create energy, since nobody can make points. And if you even define Abstract ones, any energy is leaving the project. If the goals are Irrelevant, because nobody needs them, no sponsors can be found. And if then the results are also Vain, it is a good moment to stop the project. It is not a matter of creating complicated goals, but to benefit from SMART goals.
  • Indecisiveness
    A project is a unique, dynamic process that requires decisions at each moment. This already starts with the pre-project, where the basic conditions and general goals have to be formulated. It continues with the assignment of the project positions and the description of the overall master plan. And then innumerable events happen in the course of projects that require regularly quick decisions. It is not a matter of deciding without thinking, but to develop a preference for decisions that leads to quick results.
  • Risk avoidance
    In all activities that are aimed for the future, it is inevitable to take risks. Situations pop-up at each crossing when you drive a car that you cannot avoid. Therefore overanxious people always approach the crossing with extreme attention into all directions. Thus, they obstruct the normal traffic flow and advance only sluggishly. It is not a matter of trying to evaluate all eventualities when making decisions, since it always remains a residual risk. It is smarter to rise the own risk threshold.
  • Missing overview
    If eventually the overview of the proceeding is missing, you are racing with two hundred in the fog. It is then comprehensible that the next emerging obstacle in the fog will block the continuation of the project. It is not a matter of knowing all details, but to ensure that you know the individual projects with their tasks, the mutual interdependencies and bottlenecks.

Bottom line: It will not work without orderly project management. But if the mentioned aspects appear, then the whole administration of project contents does not help. Since it is a matter of the project manager, it is helpful to check these qualities already when you assign this role. Rather engage a less orderly project manager, who functions accordingly than a tidy one, who drives the project with 70% chance into the wall.

Project leaders – the nameless heroes

In the course of history amazing constructions were built in different regions of the world. Even with our current capabilities, we are overwhelmed by the Egyptian pyramids, the Forbidden city in Beijing or the Taj Mahal.

All these huge achievements have in common that they were made by people with the technical possibilities of their time. Is it not amazing that we know only few of the responsible leaders? Does anyone remember at least one historic project manager? Only few are known by name;

  • Hemiunu, responsible for Egyptian pyramids,
  • Kuai Xiang, architect of the Forbidden city in Beijing, and
  • Ahmad Lahori and Abu Fazel, construction supervisors of the Taj Mahal.

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What kind of activities they did is not handed down. Probably they realized their ideas holistically, including the planning, controlling and monitoring of the tasks, people, materials, logistics, finances etc. Until today the project managers are celebrated less than the initiators and project sponsors – especially on the successful third.

The methods used today were developed only in the last one hundred years: the Gantt chart, the Critical path, Work breakdown structure, PMBOK, PRINCE, Agile Manifesto, or ISO21500. Since the Sixties more and more books were published about project management (PM) – see http://ow.ly/LbQHe . Within the last twenty years specialists have taken shape, who are doing nothing else than steering temporary endeavors – the project managers.

  • They organize the building blocks of the project,
  • coordinate the stakeholders,
  • lead and motivate the team,
  • plan, steer and supervise execution and the results,
  • take responsibility for interim and final results, and
  • maintain the contact to internal and external parties.

People such as Tom DeMarco or Frederick P. Brooks described the issues of steering projects with memorable stories. Who does not know the hint from The Mythical Man-Month* that „ … it takes a woman nine months to have a baby. But you Americans think, if you get nine women pregnant, you can have a baby in a month. “

Despite the standardization of the experiences that contains and link all important PM elements with one another, still two thirds of the projects miss their planned targets (seehttp://ow.ly/zy5hB). The complexity and susceptibility increases, what lets small disturbances become large problems. Only a few, outstanding examples are available, since large-scale projects rather announce their successes than their difficulties. Famous examples are the new City-Airport Berlin and the California high-speed rail between San Francisco and Los Angeles.

In enterprises it does not work differently. Successful projects strengthen the reputation of the Top-management. The project managers and external advisers do not become visible, except, if something goes wrong. This still leads to a higher reputation of the hierarchical line responsibility than the dynamic, uncertain work in projects. Project leadership has the following disadvantages:

  • The task is limited in time, but difficult to oversee.
  • Project managers do not only have to satisfy their own superiors, but also other high-ranking hierarchs involved.
  • They are in competition with disciplinary superiors concerning the availability of employees and other resources.
  • The project business is more dynamic and characterized by more Ad-Hoc tasks.
  • The probability to pull an advantage from the task is not very high due to the temporary constellation of powers.
  • The largest disadvantage is the personal cut-off from the developments in the home department. A project manager is not on the radar of the superiors during a long period. In the „musical game“, the distribution of the tasks and job positions, the “absent” project leaders are mostly forgotten.

With the missing consideration and appreciation of the project managers, the enterprise loses an important opportunity for increasing the employee satisfaction. The public acknowledgment of the achievements of project managers and their teams would encourage the staff to take actively part in the change of the enterprise. With the Intranet and the many, internal meetings there are sufficient channels for public appreciation available. The Top management only has to take care of it. Special achievements could be used even for external marketing, i.e. for improving the corporate image.

Bottom line: The projects are the crucial hubs for change in an enterprise. Where are the PM heroes? Who knows their names? Why the project managers are so poorly appreciated? As long as they remain the nameless heroes, who pay the price for the advancement of the company, nobody should expect substantial improvements.

* The Mythical Man-Month, Frederick P. Brooks, Addison-Wesley 1995 ISBN 020183595